Cricopharyngeal Bar
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References:

1) Cook IJ. Cricopharyngeal Function and Dysfunction. Dysphagia 1993;8:244-251 [PDF]

2) Ekberg O. Cricopharyngeal Bar: Myth and Reality. Abdom Imaging 1995;20:179-181 [PDF]

3) Goyal RK, Martin SB, Shapiro J. The Role of Cricopharyngeus Muscle in Pharyngoesophageal
Disorders. Dysphagia 1993;8:252-258
[PDF]

4) Curtis DJ, Cruess DF, Berg T. The Cricopharyngeal Muscle: A Videorecording Review. AJR
1984;142:497-500
[PDF]

5) Torres WE, Clements JL, Austin GE. Cricopharyngeal Muscle Hypertrophy:
Radiologic-Anatomic Correlation. AJR 1984:141:927-930
[PDF]

6) Ekberg O, Nylander G. Dysfunction of the Cricopharyngeal Muscle. Radiology
1982;143:481-486
[PDF]

7) Ekberg O, Nylander G. Cineradiography of the pharyngeal stage of deglutition in 150
individuals without dysphagia. British Journal of Radiology 1982;55:253-257
[PDF]