Fetal Biometry
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References:

1) Hearn-Stebbins B. Normal Fetal Growth Assessment: A Review of Literature and Current
Practice. Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography 1995;11:176-187 [PDF]

2) Snijders RJM, Nicolaides KH. Fetal biometry at 14-40 weeks’ gestation. Ultrasound Obstet
Gynecol 1994;4:34-48 [PDF]

3) Hadlock FP, Deter RL, Carpenter RJ. Estimating Fetal Age: Effect of Head Shape on BPD. AJR
1981;137:83-85 [PDF]

4) Hadlock FP, Deter RL, Harrist RB. Estimating Fetal Age: Computer-Assisted Analysis of
Multiple Fetal Growth Parameters. Radiology 1984;152:497-501 [PDF]

5) Hadlock FP, Harrist RB, Fearneyhough TC. Use of Femur Length/Abdominal Circumference
Ratio in Detecting the Macrosomic Fetus. Radiology 1985;154:503-505 [PDF]

6) Doubilet PM, Greenes RA. Improved Prediction of Gestational Age from Fetal Head
Measurements. AJR 1984;142:797-800 [PDF]

7) Benson CB, Doubilet PM. Sonographic Prediction of Gestational Age: Accuracy of Second-
and Third-Trimester Fetal Measurements. AJR 1991;157:1275-1277 [PDF]

8) Hohler CW, Quetal TA. Comparison of ultrasound femur length and biparietal diameter in late
pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1981;141(7):759-762 [PDF 1/4] [PDF 2/4] [PDF 3/4] [PDF 4/4]

9) Hadlock FP, Deter RL, Harrist RB. A Date-Independent Predictor of Intrauterine Growth
Retardation: Femur Length/Abdominal Circumference Ratio. AJR 1983;141:979-984 [PDF]

10) Filly RA, Golbus MS, Carey JC. Short-Limbed Dwarfism: Ultrasonographic Diagnosis by
Mensuration of Fetal Femoral Length. Radiology 1981;138:653-656 [PDF]

11) Campell S, Thoms A. Ultrasound Measurement of the Fetal Head to Abdomen Circumference
Ratio in the Assessment of Growth Retardation. BJOG 1977;84:165-174 [PDF]

12) Altman DG, Chitty LS. Charts of Fetal Size: 1. Methodology. BJOG 1994;101:29-34 [PDF]

13) Chitty LS, Altman DG, Henderson A. Charts of Fetal Size: 3. Head measurements. BJOG 1994;
101:35-43 [PDF]

14) Chitty LS, Altman DG, Henderson A. Charts of Fetal Size: 2. Abdominal measurements. BJOG
1994;101:125-131 [PDF]

15) Mongelli M, Wilcox M, Gardosi J. Estimating the date of confinement: Ultrasonographic
biometry versus certain menstrual dates. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1996;174(1):278-281 [PDF]

16) Lim KI, Delisle MF, Austin SJ. Cephalic Index is Not a Useful Sonographic Marker for Trisomy
21 and Trisomy 18. Fetal Diagn Ther 2004;19:491-495 [PDF]

17) Borrell A, Costa D, Martinez JM. Brachycephaly is ineffective for detection of Down
syndrome in early midtrimester fetuses. Early Human Development 1997;47:57-61 [PDF]

18) Hadlock FP, Harrist RB, Fearneyhough TC. Use of Femur Length/Abdominal Circumference
Ratio in Detecting the Macrosomic Fetus. Radiology 1985;154:503-50 [PDF]

19) Benson CB, Doubilet PM, Saltzman DH. Femur length/abdominal circumference ratio. Poor
predictor of macrosomic fetuses in diabetic mothers. J Ultrasound Med 1986;5(3):141-4  [1][2][3]
[4]

20) Benson CB, Doubilet PM, Saltzman DH. FL/AC ratio: Poor Predictor of Intrauterine Growth
Retardation. Invest Radiol 1985;20:727-730 [PDF]

21) Sheiner E, Abramowicz JS. Ultrasound of the Fetal Cranium: Review of the Current
Literature. Ultrasound Clin 2008;3:583-594 [PDF]