Lemon Sign
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References:

1) Sheiner E, Abramowicz JS. Ultrasound of the Fetal Cranium: Review of the Current Literature.
Ultrasound Clin 2008;3:583-594
[PDF]

2) Filly RA. The "Lemon" Sign: A Clinical Perspective. Radiology 1988;167:573-575 [PDF]

3) Thomas M. The Lemon Sign. Radiology 2003;228:206-207 [PDF]

4) Budorick NE, Pretorius DH, Nelson TR. Sonography of the Fetal Spine: Technique, Imaging
Findings, and Clinical Implications. AJR 1995;164:421-428  
[PDF]

5) Hurton TL, Clark PK, Benacerraf BR. The Detection of Spina Bifida Using Indirect
Sonographic Cranial Signs. JDMS 1993;9:140-142
[PDF]

6) Nyberg DA, Mack LA, Hirsch J. Abnormalities of Fetal Cranial Contour in Sonographic
Detection of Spina Bifida: Evaluation of the “Lemon” Sign. Radiology 1988;167:387-392  
[PDF]

7) Goldstein RB, Podrasky AE, Filly RA. Effacement of the Fetal Cisterna Magna in Association
with Myelomeningocele. Radiology 1989;172:409-413
[PDF]

8) Ghi T, Pilu G, Segata M. Prenatal diagnosis of open and closed spina bifida. Ultrasound Obstet
Gynecol 2006;28:899-903 [
PDF]

9) Van den Hof MC, Nicolaides KH, Campbell J. Evaluation of the lemon and banana signs in one
hundred thirty fetuses with open spina bifida. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1990;162:322-327
[PDF]

10) Nicolaides KH, Campbell S, Gabbe SG. Ultrasound Screening For Spina Bifida: Cranial and
Cerebellar Signs. Lancet 1986;1:72-74
[PDF]

11) Campbell J, Gilbert WM, Nicolaides KH. Ultrasound Screening for Spina Bifida: Cranial and
Cerebellar Signs in a High-Risk Population. Obstet Gynecol 1987;70:247-250
[PDF]