Mild Fetal Pyelectasis
DOWNLOAD FACT SHEET IN PDF

References:

1) Cockell AP, Chitty LS. Mild renal pelvis dilatation: implications and management. Fetal and Maternal
Medicine Review 1998;10:153-161 [PDF]

2) Wickstrom EA, Thangavelu M, Parilla BV. A Prospective Study of the Association Between Isolated Fetal
Pyelectasis and Chromosomal Abnormality. Obstet Gynecol 1996;88:379-382 [PDF]

3) Chudleigh PM, Chitty LS, Pembrey M. The association of aneuploidy and mild fetal pyelectasis in an
unselected population: the results of a multicenter study. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2001;17:197-202
[PDF]

4) Chudleigh T. Mild Pyelectasis. Prenat Diagn 2001;21:936-941 [PDF]

5) Yamamura Y, Swartout JP, Anderson EA. Management of Mild Fetal Pyelectasis. J Ultrasound Med 2007;
26:1539-1543 [PDF]

6) Smith-Bindsman R, Hosmer W, Feldstein VA. Second-Trimester Ultrasound to Detect Fetuses with
Down Syndrome. JAMA 2001;285(8):1044-1055 [PDF]

7) Fernbach SK, Maizels M, Conway JJ. Ultrasound grading of hydronephrosis: introduction to the system
used by the Society for Fetal Urology. Pediatr Radiol 1993;23:478-480 [PDF]

8) Adra AM, Mejides AA, Dennaoui MS. Fetal Pyelectasis: Is it always “physiologic”? Am J Obstet Gynecol
1995;173:1263-1266 [PDF]

9) Blachar A, Schachter M, Blachar Y. Evaluation of prenatally diagnosed hydronephrosis by
morphometric measurements of the kidney. Pediatr Radiol 1994;24:131-134 [PDF]

10) Cohen-Overbeek TE, Wijngaard-Boom P, Urem NTC. Mild renal pyelectasis in the second trimester:
determination of cut-off levels for postnatal referral. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2005;25:378-383 [PDF]

11) Odibo AO, Marchiano D, Quinones JN. Mild Pyelectasis: evaluating the relationship between
gestational age and renal pelvic anterior-posterior diameter. Prenat Diagn 2003;23:824-827 [PDF]

12) Coco C, Jeanty P. Isolated fetal pyelectasis and chromosomal abnormalities. Am J Obstet Gynecol
2005;193:732-738 [PDF]

13) Bornstein E, Barnhard Y, Donnenfeld A. Fetal Pyelectasis – Does Fetal Gender Modify the Risk of Major
Trisomies? Obstet Gynecol 2006;107(4):877-879 [PDF]

14) Rochon M, Eddleman K. Controversial ultrasound findings. Obstet Gynecol Clin N Am 2004;31:61-99  
[PDF]

15) Havutcu AE, Nikolopoulos G, Adinkra P. The association between fetal pyelectasis on second trimester
ultrasound scan and aneuploidy among 25 586 low risk unselected women. Prenat Diagn 2002;22:1201-
1206 [PDF]

16) Harding LJ, Malone PSJ, Wellesley DG. Antenatal Minimal Hydronephrosis: Is Its Follow-up an
Unnecessary Cause of Concern? Prenat Diagn 1999;19:701-705 [PDF]

17) Hothi DK, Wade AS, Gilbert R. Mild Fetal Renal Pelvis Dilation--Much Ado About Nothing? Clin J Am
Soc Nephrol 2009;4:168-177 [PDF]

18) Bornstein E, Barnhard Y, Donnenfeld AE. The risk of major trisomy in fetuses with pyelectasis: the
impact of an abnormal maternal serum screen or additional sonographic markers. Am J Obstet Gynecol
2007;196(5);e24-e26 [PDF]

19) Odibo AO, Raab E, Elovitz M. Prenatal Mild Pyelectasis: Evaluating the Thresholds of Renal Pelvic
Diameter Associated with Normal Postnatal Renal Function. J Ultrasound Med 2004;23:513-517 [PDF]

20) Lee RS, Cendron M, Kinnamon DD. Antenatal Hydronephrosis as a Predictor of Postnatal Outcome: A
Meta-analysis. Pediatrics 2006;118:586-593 [PDF]

21) Benacerraf BR, Mandell J, Estroff JA. Fetal Pyelectasis: A Possible Association With Down Syndrome.
Obstet Gynecol 1990;76:58-60 [PDF]

22) Ismaili K, Hall M, Donner C. Results of systematic screening for minor degrees of fetal renal pelvis
dilatation in an unselected population. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003;188:242-246 [PDF]

23) Chitty LS, Altman DG. Charts of fetal size: kidney and renal pelvis measurements. Prenat Diagn 2003;
23:891-897 [PDF]

24) Persutte WH, Koyle M, Lenke RR. Mild pyelectasis ascertained with prenatal ultrasonography is
pediatrically significant. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1997;10:12-18 [PDF]

25) Wilson RD, Lynch S, Lessoway VA. Fetal Pyelectasis: Comparison of Postnatal Renal Pathology With
Unilateral and Bilateral Pyelectasis. Prenat Diagn 1997;17:451-455 [PDF]

26) Corteville JE, Dicke JM, Crane JP. Fetal Pyelectasis and Down Syndrome: Is Genetic Amniocentesis
Warranted? Obstet Gynecol 1992;79:770-772 [PDF]

27) Ahmad G, Green P. Outcome of fetal pyelectasis diagnosed antenatally. Journal of Obstetrics and
Gynaecology 2005;25(2):119-122 [PDF]

28) Persutte WH, Hussey M, Chyu J. Striking findings concerning the variability in the measurement of the
fetal renal collecting system. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2000;15:186-190 [PDF]

29) Broadley P, McHugo J, Morgan I. The 4 year outcome following the demonstration of bilateral renal
pelvic dilatation on pre-natal renal ultrasound. Br J Radiol 1999;72:265-270 [PDF]

30) Van den Hof MC, Wilson RD. Fetal Soft Markers in Obstetric Ultrasound. J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2005;27
(6):592-612 [PDF]

31) Pates JA, Dashe JS. Prenatal diagnosis and management of hydronephrosis. Early Human
Development 2006;82:3-8 [PDF]

32) Duncan KA. Antenatal renal pelvic dilatation; the long-term outlook. Clinical Radiology 2007;62:134-
139 [PDF]

33) Stocks A, Richards D, Frentzen B. Correlation of Prenatal Renal Pelvic Anteroposterior Diameter with
Outcome in Infancy. The Journal of Urology 1996;155:1050-1052 [PDF]

34) John U, Kahler C, Schulz S. The impact of fetal renal pelvic diameter on postnatal outcome. Prenat
Diagn 2004;24:591-595 [PDF]

35) Kent A, Cox D, Downey P. A study of mild fetal pyelectasia -- outcome and proposed strategy of
management. Prenat Diagn 2000;20:206-209 [PDF]

36) Jaswon MS, Dibble L, Puri S. Prospective study of outcome in antenatally diagnosed renal pelvis
dilatation. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 1999;80:F135-F138  [PDF]

37) Anderson N, Clautice-Engle T, Allan R. Detection of Obstructive Uropathy in the Fetus: Predictive Value
of Sonographic Measurements of Renal Pelvic Diameter at Various Gestational Ages. AJR 1995;164:719-
723 [PDF]

38) Ogle RF. Second trimester markers of aneuploidy. Bailliere's Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2000;
14(4):595-610 [PDF]

39) Signorelli M, Cerri V, Taddei F. Prenatal diagnosis and management of mild fetal pyelectasis:
implications for neonatal outcome and follow-up. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and
Reproductive Biology 2005;118:154-159 [PDF]

40) Smith-Bindman R, Chu P, Goldberg JD. Second trimester prenatal ultrasound for the detection of
pregnancies at increased risk of Down syndrome. Prenat Diagn 2007;27:535-544 [PDF]

41) Nyberg DA, Souter VL, El-Bastawissi A. Isolated Sonographic Markers for Detection of Fetal Down
Syndrome in the Second Trimester of Pregnancy. J Ultrasound Med 2001;20:1053-1063 [PDF]

42) Snijders RJM, Sebire NJ, Faira M. Fetal Mild Hydronephrosis and Chromosomal Defects: Relation to
Maternal Age and Gestation. Fetal Diagn Ther 1995;10:349-355 [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]

43) Nicolaides KH, Cheng HH, Abbas A. Fetal Renal Defects: Associated Malformations and Chromosomal
Defects. Fetal Diagn Ther 1992;7:1-11 [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]

44) Corteville JE, Gray DL, Crane JP. Congenital hydronephrosis: Correlation of fetal ultrasonographic
findings with infant outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1991;165:384-388 [1][2][3][4][5]