Seat Belt-Type Injuries
of the Thoracolumbar Spine
DOWNLOAD FACT SHEET IN PDF

References:

1) Denis F. Spinal Instability as Defined by the Three-column Spine Concept in Acute Spinal
Trauma. Clinical Orthorpaedics and Related Research 1984;189:65-76
[PDF]

2) Vaccaro AR, Kim DH, Brodke DS. Diagnosis and Management of Thoracolumbar Spine
Fractures. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2003;85:2456-2470
[PDF]

3) Ashman CJ, Yu JS, Chung CB. The Chance Fracture: Anteroposterior Radiographic Signs.
Emergency Radiology 1997;4(5):320-325
[PDF]

4) Chance GQ. Note on a type of flexion fracture of the spine. Br J Radiol 1948;21:452-453 [PDF]

5) Smith WS, Kaufer H. Patterns and Mechanisms of Lumbar Injuries Associated with Lap Seat
Belts. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1969;51:239-254
[PDF]

6) Bernstein MP, Mirvis SE, Shanmuganathan K. Chance-Type Fractures of the Thoracolumbar
Spine: Imaging Analysis in 53 patients. AJR 2006;187:859-868
[PDF]

7) Kingsbury-Smith R. Chance and his fracture. Trauma 2008;10:13-15 [PDF]

8)        Denis F. The Three Column Spine and Its Significance in the Classification of Acute
Thoracolumbar Spinal Injuries. Spine 1983;8(8):817-831
[PDF]