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| Third and Fourth Branchial Anomalies [PDF] Reference: 1) Rea PA, Hartley BEJ, Bailey CM. Third and fourth branchial pouch anomalies. The Journal of Laryngology & Otology 2004;118:19-24 [PDF] 2) Koeller KK, Alamo L, Adair CF. Congenital Cystic Masses of the Neck: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation. Radiographics 1999;19:121-146 [PDF] 3) Lin CJ, Lin YS, Kang BH. Silent Internal Sinus of the Pyriform Fossa: A Rare Adult Manifestation of a Branchial Anomaly. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2003;129:356-358 [PDF] 4) Park SW, Han MH, Sung MH. Neck Infection Associated with Pyriform Sinus Fistula: Imaging Findings. Am J Neuroradiol 2000;21:817-822 [PDF] 5) Benson MT, Dalen K, Mancuso AA. Congenital Anomalies of the Branchial Apparatus: Embryology and Pathologic Anatomy. Radiographics 1992;12:943-960 [PDF] 6) James A, Stewart C, Warrick P. Branchial Sinus of the Piriform Fossa: Reappraisal of Third and Fourth Branchial Anomalies. Laryngoscope 2007;117:1920-1924 [PDF] 7) Joshi MJ, Provenzano MJ, Smith RJH. The Rare Third Branchial Cleft Cyst. Am J Neuroradiol 2009 (Epub ahead of print) [PDF] 8) Herman TE, McAlister WH, Siegel MJ. Branchial fistula: CT manifestations. Pediatr Radiol 1992;22:152-153 [PDF] 9) Wang HK, Tiu CM, Chou YH. Imaging studies of pyriform sinus fistula. Pediatr Radiol 2003;33:328-333 [PDF] 10) Shrime M, Kacker A, Bent J. Fourth branchial complex anomalies: a case series. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 2003;67:1227-1233 [PDF] 11) Ford GR, Balakrishnan A, Evans JNG. Branchial cleft and pouch anomalies. The Journal of Laryngology and Otology 1992;106:137-143 [PDF] 12) Ryu CW, Lee JH, Lee HK. Clinical usefulness of multidetector CT fistulography of branchial cleft fistula. Clinical Imaging 2006;30:339-342 [PDF] 13) Liberman M, Kay S, Emil S. Ten Years of Experience With Third and Fourth Branchial Remnants. Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2002;37(5):685-690 [PDF] 14) Acierno SP, Waldhausen JHT. Congenital Cervical Cysts, Sinuses, and Fistulae. Otolarygol Clin N Am 2007;40:161-176 [PDF] |